Unit 3 Science and Materials

Unit Number and Title

HNCB Unit 3 Science and Materials

Academic Year

2021-2022

Unit Tutor

Assignment Title

Science and Materials

Issue Date

13 October 2021

Submission Date

IV Name & Date

Unit Learning Outcomes - Unit 3 Science and Materials

LO1 Review health and safety regulations and legislation associated with the storage, handling and use of materials on a construction site

LO2 Discuss the environmental and sustainability factors which can impact on and influence the material choices for a construction site

LO3 Present material choices for a given building using performance properties, experimental data, sustainability and environmental considerations

LO4. Evaluate the performance of a given building in respect of its human comfort requirements

Assignment Brief and Guidance

Scenario:

You have recently started to work for a small building company which is building a mixed development of offices and small artisan workshops with five floors of residential building above. The company wants to conform to the recent trend to build an environmentally friendly structure and as you have recently obtained a higher national diploma qualification in construction and civil engineering hope that you will be able to guide them in this direction.

Task1 - Unit 3 Science and Materials

a) State the regulations which try to make sure that construction materials can be stored safely on site.

b) State clearly the regulations which try to make sure that construction materials can be moved safely onto and around a construction site.

c) State clearly what safety precautions are needed while cutting and working on specific construction materials

d) Show how a risk assessment is used to avoid health and safety problems which arise during the cutting, shaping, moving and using the materials in the construction process of a specific building material

e) Discuss how effective current safety regulations help to prevent accidents and health problems arising from the use of common building materials on a construction site.

Task 2

a) Explain what is meant by “environmental profiling” of a building material

b) Give an example of the environmental profiling of a common building material

c) Explain what is meant by “Lifecycle assessment”

d) Given an example of the lifecycle assessment of a common building material

e Discuss the benefits of a “product declaration”

f) Give an example of a “product declaration” and show how this helps a building designer in the choice of materials.

g) Explain what is “environmental certification” and say how this helps a building designer in the choice of material supplier.

h) Produce a waste management plan for a given construction project showing how typical construction waste materials are treated

i) Look at the requirements of an environmentally friendly building such as those given in the

BREAM green book.   IIlustrate / Show how a careful choice of building materials can help to obtain a high environmental score.

Task 3

a) Give results of tests carried out in class in the laboratory to show some performance characteristics of building materials

b) Show how building regulations are linked to material performance .

c) Show how unexpected results may occur even in otherwise safe materials Show what

testing and statical means could be used to separate a “rogue” result from one which has found sub-standard material.

d) Give an example of the reasoning behind the choice of a building material that is suitable for a particular critical part of a building.

e) Look at the effect of loading structural materials used in either beams or columns.

f) (i) Calculate the maximum load that can be applied to the centre of a reinforced concrete beam so that the deflection does not exceed 5mm The length of the beam between support is 5m the thickness of the beam is 1m and the width is 0.2m the Young’s Modulus is 200 x 10⁶ MPa

(ii) A column is required to support a roof over an atrium. The column is 20m high with no supports in the middle but supports the centre of a pyramid shaped covering of the atrium. The weight of the roof is 5 tonnes and the column is cylindrical in shape with a constant diameter. It is made from the same concrete as outlined in (i) above. What is the minimum diameter needed for this column?

(iii) Compare two different materials which would be suitable for the same purpose as outlined in f ii) above and analyse their respective environmental impacts

Unit 3 Science and Materials

Task 4

a) What factors would influence your choice of materials which would help to provide a comfortable inside environment in a building.

b) Show what materials would help to produce interior comfort in a particular area of a building

c) Calculate the lighting levels in a a corridor where the minimum light level is 30 lux at floor level.           The width of the corridor is 2m and the length 40m and the ceiling height of 2m. Design the lighting using LED lights placed at 1m from each end and then spaced every 2m. Suggest the minimum lumen level of the lights to ensure that the minimum lighting level is at the floor next to either wall is always achieved.

d) Calculate the amount of heat that is needed to keep the inside temperature at 20 ⁰C when it is at 5⁰C outside in a flat in the middle of the development which has an outside window area of 10m^-2 within a total external wall and window area of 25m² with a U value of 1.2 watts/m² C^o and compare to a flat on the top floor at one end where the window area is doubled and the external wall area is three  times as big.                                                                         The U value of the walls is 0.23watts/m² C^o

e) Calculate the amount of heat loss due to ventilation needed in the flats if they are occupied by four people each person needing 5litres of fresh air per second. Assume that the specific heat capacity of air is 1kJ/m³/C^o and that the volume of each flat is 1800m³

f) Evaluate how the use of passive or active designs would help to minimise the use of energy, material, water and land to conserve the climate and help to make sure that limited resources do not run out.

End of Assignment

Pass

Merit

Distinction

LO1 Review health and safety regulations and legislation associated with the storage, handling and use of materials on a construction site

LO1

D1 Discuss how multiple regulations and legislation would apply to a given site activity, stressing hwo to plan and manage for safe handling and use.

P1 Explain how regulations affect the use, storage and handling a selection of construction materials.

M1 Assess how risk assessments can be used to deal with significant hazards posed by selected materials or activites with those materials

LO2 Discuss the environmental and sustainability factors which impact on and infulaence the material choices for a construction project

P2 Explain

(a) material environmental profiling and

(b life cycle assessment. Use a relevant material as an example in your explanation

P3. Discuss the benefits of

(a) product declaration and

(b)    environmental certification

M2.Produce a waste management plan for a given project, taking into account a typical range of relevant waste materials. (The project might be the one given in the scenario

LO2 LO3

D2 Illustrate how the use of sustainable practices and considerations of material choice can improve the environmental rating of the completed building

.

LO3 Present material choices for a given building using performance properties, your experimental data, sustainability and environmental considerations

P4 Present the results of

M3 Assess the effects of

relevant testing procedures

loading structural materials

which show the

and compare the behaviours

performance characteristics

and performance of materials

of selecterd construction

which could be used for the

materials

same function.

P5 Discuss the results (of

your experimental work) in

terms of material properties

and regulations highlighting

any unexpected results and

explain why these may

occur

P6 Select construction

material for a given building

based on their performance

properties.